Secular trends in various lipid abnormalities in an urban Indian population
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Successive epidemiological Jaipur Heart Watch (JHW) surveys were carried out in urban locations in Western India to evaluate randomly selected Rajasthani adults (>20 years) for multiple coronary risk factors using standardized methodology (JHW-1, 1993-94; JHW-2, 1999-2001; JHW-3, 2002-03, and JHW-4, 2004-05). Data of 2341 men and 1795 women aged 20-59 years were included in the analysis. Mean levels of various lipoproteins increased sharply from JHW-1 to JHW-2, and then gradually in JHW-3 and JHW-4. Age-adjusted mean values (mg/dL) showed a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, non-HDL-C, remnant C, total:HDL-C ratio and triglycerides (TG) and a decrease in HDL-C in JHW-1, JHW-2, JHW-3 and JHW-4 studies. Trends in age-adjusted prevalence of dyslipidaemia in JHW-1, JHW-2, JHW-3 and JHW-4 studies showed insignificant changes in high total cholesterol, in LDL-C >130 mg/dL, and hypo-HDL-cholesterolaemia (<40 mg/dL). Increase was observed in prevalence of high non-HDL-C, high remnant C, high TC:HDL-C ratio >5.0 and >4.0, and high TG. Greater correlation of increasing non-HDL-C, remnant C, TG, and TG:HDL-C ratio was observed with increasing truncal obesity rather than generalized obesity. Trends reveal an increase in mean total-, non-HDL-, remnant-, and total:HDL-C and TG and a decline in HDL-C levels. Secular increase in dyslipidaemia prevalence, including atherogenic dyslipidaemia components, in this urban Indian population significantly correlated with truncal obesity and obesity.
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